Constitutional Revolution · Enqelab-e Mashruteh

/mæʃ.ruː.ˈte/

Culture of origin: Iranian · Historical

Holiday sources: Azerbaijani · Bakhtiari · Iran · Lur

The Constitutional Revolution of 1905–1911 gave Iran its first parliament, the Majles, the first such revolution in the Muslim world. Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar signed the decree founding the National Consultative Assembly, and the 1906 constitution shortly before his death. His successor, Mohammad Ali Shah, bombarded the parliament in 1908, but constitutionalist forces marched on Tehran, forced his abdication and restored the constitution in 1909.